Of burslem



Y 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. HANCOCK 8: C. B. WINZ-ER.

y Patented Aug. 3'1, 1897.

POTTERY MUPFLE 0B. KILN.

.Mnl

l (No Model.)

No.y 588,987.

(No Model.) 'zsheetsl-sheetl. F. HANCOCK, 8u C. B. WINZER. POTTERY MUFFLE 0R KILN m: ma vertan co. morrnrm AUNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

FREDERICK HANCOCK, OF BURSL'EM, AND CHARLES BURTON VINZER, OF SHELTON, ENGLAND.

POTTERY Mui-FLE .oR KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 588,987', dated August 31, 189'?.V Application riedrebruay 9, 1397. serial No. 622,616. (No'modem BURTON VINZER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resident of Shelton, county of Stafford, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements' in 'Pottery Muffles or Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements inY muftles or kilns used for pottery and analogous purposes, the objects of the invention being to enable such kilns vto be made of a much longer range than is practicable with existing arrangements thereof and to avoid the liability of the ware being cracked or damaged by 'sudden differences of temperature Within the kiln by insuring a more gradual heating and a more gradual cooling of the Ware in treatment, due in part to the increased range of the kiln and of its Warmin g and cooling adjuncts, and in part to the improved ar# rangement of such adjuncts relatively to the main orhot chamber, and also to render the kiln utilizable f or gloss-firing7 hardening-on, enameling,and gold-iiringin the manufacture of ceramic ware;

On the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 3o represents a sectional plan on the line A B,

Fig. 2. Fig. 2 represents a sectional elevation on line C D, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a like View on line E F; Fig. 4, a like view on line G H; Fig. 5, a like viewon line l J, and Fig. 6 a like view on line K L. .j

d is the main firing-chamber, which may be of any desired length. p

b Z9 are duplicate warming-chambers which are built at one end of and respectively on 4o'opposite sides of the chamber a, with the adjacent end of which they communicate and from which communication they return alongside of and are built adjacent tothe outer sides of the chamber a to their inlets d.

c is a cooling-chamber which is built at the other end of'and on one side of the chamber a, with the adjacent end of which it communicates and from which communication it returns alongside of and is built adjacent to 5o the outer side of the chamber a and is doubled back upon itself to its outlet e. lt has an under passage c', through which air for gradually cooling the Ware circulates and discharges under the furnace g.

For the whole length of the chamber a, eX- cept whereit connects with the chambers b c, its Walls are made as hue-passages f, which are formed by top, bottom, andv side baffles or partitions f', which serve to conduct the furnace-gases from the furnace or furnaces g `(which is Vor are situated at or nearest adjacent to the ware-outlet end of the chamber c) upward and downward and well around the outer side of the chamber c repeatedly (vide the dotted lines, Fig. 2) until, on arriving at the ware-inlet end of the chamber 0L, they pass into wing-channels h, Fig. l, constructed 'under the Warming-chambers, and along which they return and are led Vthrou gh a channel-j to a chimney.

Bysuch relative arran gements 'of'the cha1nbers L b we effect a better graduation and a more regular dispersion of the heat, and consequently obtain a more gradual warming of the Ware in the chambers b before it enters the firing-chamber a, and We consequently obtain a more economical Working of the kiln and obviate many difficulties which have hitherto been practically experienced with continuous-working mufies, in which, as hitherto constructed vandfired, the thicker and larger Vgoods are very liable to collapse through being too suddenly subjected to the heat of the ring-chamber. V

When firing for hardening or enameling purposes, one furnace g will suffice; but if it is required to obtain a sufficient heat to liregloss Ware, then a furtherfurnace or furnacesg would be necessary and should be constructed close adjacent to the furnace g on the side thereof toward the ware-inlet end of the chamber a. (Vide Fig.V l.) l

j By the aforesaid relative arrangement of the chambers d c is insured a more gradual cooling ofthe ware before it emergesfrom the kiln and is subject to theatmospheric temperature, and consequently the ware is IOC the increased range of the tiring-chamber, which permits of the warming and cooling chambers being returned and built alongside of the firing-chai'nber, as distinguished from being built at right angles thereto, as is customary, and this is further operative in insuring a considerable economy in the quantity of fuel required. Such long range of liring-chamber has not been practicable on account of the great Weight of the carriers of Ware under treatment and of the difficulty of pushing a series thereof along the chamber with the usual appliances Without great liability of damaging the Ware.

XVe render the increased range of kiln prac tieable by forming along the loor of the liring-chamber (and, if required, also along the floor of the Warming and cooling chambers) parallel grooves m, adapted to support a series of balls fn of lire-clay or other suitable refractory material, which serve to support the Ware-carriers o. The bottoms of the carriers may also be formed with grooves p, adapted to rest on the balls n. By such means We reduce the friction and facilitate thc propulsion of the ware-carriers by the usual appliances l to such an extent as to enable us to construct the firing-chamber of a much greater range than is customary.

The balls a maybe supplied to the grooves m through a tubular channel q and may escape therefrom through other channels fr.

le claim as our invention in mufllcs or kilns for pottery and analogous purposesl. In combination, a firing-chamber a, surrounded With iiues for its entire length, and

having duplicate warmilig-chambers l), built at one end and on opposite sides of and doubled back alongside the chamber a, to their' inlets (l, and a cooling-chamber c, at the other end and on one side of and alongside the chamber a, and doubled back on itself to its outlet c, as set forth.

2. In combination, a firing-chamber a surrounded with ilues for its entire length, and having duplicate Warming-chambers l) built at one end and on opposite sides of the chamber d, a cooling-chamber c at the other end and on one side of the chamber d, the chamber a having longitudinal parallel grooves m adapted to receive series of balls for support'- ing the Ware-carriers, as set forth.

3. In combination, a iiring-chambera, surrounded with ilues for its entire length, and having duplicate Warming-chambers l), built at one end and on opposite sides of and doubled bacl; alongside the chamber a, to their inlets d, and a cooling-chamber c, at the other end and on one side of and alongside of the chamber a, the chamber d, and the chambers l), c, having parallel grooves m, adapted to receive series of balls of fire-clay or other refractory material for supporting the Warccarriers, as set forth.

Signed at Burslem, Staffordshire, England, this 10th day of December, 1896.

FREDERICK HANCOCK. CHARLES BURTON VINZER.

Wl itn esses:

WENDELL C. WARNER, JOHN HENRY CorEsTAKE. 

